Wednesday, the Canadian media was excited, shouting to the rooftops that Canada had decided to purchase the Saab GlobalEye for the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF). Saab, is of course, a Swedish company and this is being presented to Canadians as further proof that Prime Minister Mark Carney is once again tweaking Donald Trump’s nose by refusing to purchase the Boeing E-7 Wedgetail for the AEW/AWACS capability.
As always, reality is more complicated. There are three painfully obvious reasons that the Canadian government has chosen the Saab GlobalEye over the Boeing E-7 Wedgetail. Those reasons are (in no particular order) cost, politics and practicality. Despite the claims that this is another slap in the face of Trump, it really isn’t. You see, the RCAF has never had any sort of AEW/AWACS capability despite requesting it for decades. So, this is a win for Trump by getting Canada to purchase new capabilities for the armed forces. It is also a win for Canada, but we’ll get to that.
So, why the GlobalEye? The first reason is cost. The Saab GlobalEye is based on a business jet and costs about $350 million US (roughly $450 million Canadian). The E-7 Wedgetail (based on the Boeing 737 airliner) comes in at a more hefty cost of about $800 million US (close to $1 billion Canadian). The Government of Canada earmarked about $5 billion (Canadian) to the project, with about $3 billion earmarked for actually purchasing the aircraft (the rest going to maintenance, upgrades to bases, etc). So, how many aircraft can you buy for $3 billion? Let’s see. If the Wedgetail is about $1 billion each and you have $3 billion that gives you…give me a minute, I was never very good at math…..3 aircraft. At $450 million per aircraft that gives you…..more aircraft. Exact numbers in a minute.
Second reason? Politics. Notice how I didn’t mention what kind of business jet the GlobalEye uses? That’s pretty important. It’s based on the Bombardier Global 6500. And Bombardier is based in – let me check the internet, I’m sure it’s here somewhere – oh yes. Montreal, Quebec. A Canadian company. Do you honestly think the Canadian government would pick a US aircraft over a Canadian one for a big (for the RCAF) project like this? I’ll give you a hint. Would the US replace the F-16 with the Saab Gripen? If you answered no, you are correct.
What makes this project significant is that the announcement is for up to 40 of the aircraft to be built by Bombardier. So, does that mean that the RCAF is buying 40 Saab GlobalEye AEW/AWACS aircraft? Much as I would like to say yes, the answer is no. The RCAF is buying 6. The remainder are likely to be sold to European countries and may replace the NATO E-3 Sentry aircraft that are getting a bit old. Supposedly upgrading their military capability is another insult to Trump. Not sure how, but that’s how it’s being spun in the media these days. Oh, and by the way, you will have a hard time finding mention that the RCAF is still purchasing up to 16 P-8 Poseidens, at least 16 F-35s (and probably the full planned for 88) and at least 26 M142 HIMARS for the Canadian army. So, no, Canada is not turning away from the US for defence needs.
The final reason, and I think the most significant, is practicality. While the E-7 Wedgetail is an impressive aircraft and I would love to see some in the RCAF, if the aircraft are to be used for arctic patrol (which makes sense considering Russian behavior lately) the Wedgetail has some significant drawbacks. First is range. 4,000 miles or 6,500 kilometers. Sounds great, right? Well, it is. Until you start looking at maps and airports in Canada’s north. Quite simply, airports that can handle a 737 are pretty rare up there. Whitehorse, Yukon? Yes. Yellowknife, Northwest Territories? Also yes. Iqualuit, Nunavut….maybe? Put simply, the Wedgetail can get up north, but it would have trouble staying there and performing continuous patrol. A 737 takes a lot of fuel and maintenance which means it would likely be based in southern Canada. CFB Trenton or CFB Winnipeg are the most likely candidates. CFB Comox on Vancouver island or CFB Greenwood in Nova Scotia would also be good places to put the 3 Canada could afford. Maybe forward deploying them every now and then to CFB Goose Bay in Labrador, but realistically, they wouldn’t make it up north very often.
On the other hand, the Bombardier Global 6500 has a range of between 10,000 and 12,000 kilometers. Assuming the AEW equipment would lessen that, it is still longer range than the Wedgetail, which translates to more time on station as well as further patrols and more places it could be realistically based. Add in to the above locations CFB North Bay, Ontario, CFB Cold Lake Alberta or CFB Bagotville in Quebec. Plus, a business jet with longer range and likely not requiring a stronger runway gives more options for forward deployment to the arctic. That is a win for Canada and allows Canada to exercise more control over Canadian airspace and territory in the far north.
So, where will the GlobalEye likely be based? Wherever Mark Carney thinks will get him votes. So, my money is on him to reopen CFB St Hubert in Quebec, just east of Montreal. The Liberals need the votes in Quebec and the aircraft would be close to Bombardier maintenance facilities. I could be wrong, but for now, that’s my bet.
Lastly, will they be used for arctic patrol exclusively? Don’t be ridiculous. They’ll be sent overseas on NATO missions or to work with Japan, South Korea, Singapore and Australia. Maybe South America and the Caribbean every now and then. So Canadian officials can point to the capability and say “See? We contribute too!” Cynical, I know. But probably accurate over the long term.